- A+
感叹句
1） What +名词+主语+谓语
What a beautiful girl she is!
What tall buildings they are!
2） How +形容词+主语+谓语
How beautiful the girl is!
How tall the buildings are!
? 在口语中，感叹句的主语和谓语常常省略：
What a nice present!（省略it is）
How disappointed!（省略she is或其它可作本句主、谓的词语）
祈使句
祈使句表示请求、命令、建议、邀请等，谓语动词一律用原型，句子中通常不用主语，句末用惊叹好或者句号，用降调。
★肯定句：动词原型
Come here, please.
Go downstairs, please.
Stand up.
Sit down.
Be quiet.
Be careful.
祈使句中如果有唤语，一定要用逗号隔开，放在句首或者句尾：
Come in, Amy.
Sit down here, Tom.
Mary, give me a book please.
★否定：Don't+动词原型
Don't come here.
Don't sit down.
Don't stand up.
Don't give me it.
let sb. do 让某人做
Let me pass.
Let us have a rest.
Let's have a rest.
倒装句
倒装句：so/neither的倒
装
eg:
He can swim. So can I.
She didn't go to class. Neither did I.
结构：
so/neither+be+ 主语
so/neither+助动词+ 主语
so/neither+情态动词+ 主语
助动词：
一般现在时: do, does/am, is, are
现在进行时: am, is, are
一般过去时: did
现在完成时: have, has
一般将来时: will, shall
过去进行时: was, were
过去完成时: had
过去将来时: would
直接引语/间接引语
如果引语的主句所用动词为过去时，那么间接引语要做相应变化：时态，人称，时间地点及指示词
1） 时态变化：
一般现在时——一般过去时
现在进行时——过去进行时
一般过去时——过去完成时
现在完成时——过去完成时
一般将来时——过去将来时
be going 
to——was/were going to/would
can--could
may--might
2） 时间地点及指示词的变化：
here-there, tomorrow-the next day, the following day, this-that…
3） 人称变化：根据句意改变人称。
4） 直接宾语/间接宾语
主语＋及物动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语：
直接宾语是及物动词的直接对象，间接宾语是及物动词的动作所涉及的人或事务，也可以说间接宾语表示动作是对谁做的，或者是为谁做的。所以间接宾语要用名词或者宾格代词来担当。
He gives me a book.（me间接宾语，a book直接宾语）
直接宾语和间接宾语的位置调换时要加一个介词to或for：
主语＋及物动词＋直接宾语＋介词＋间接宾语
Give me a book. = Give the book to me.
Send him a letter. = Send a letter to him.
Show him the new dress. = Show the new dress to him.
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