英语常考常识点定语从句

I was surprised to see the same man I had met earlier. (必修一.P2)

分析语句的语法成分。

I was surprised to see the same man I had met earlier.

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主语 谓语 宾语 后置定语

I had met earlier 是省掉了that的定语从句，润饰man. 我方才碰见的那自个。

1. 定语从句（Attributive Clauses）

担任定语功用的语句称为“定语从句”,定语从句在句中恰当于描述词,故又称为“描述词性从句”。润饰一个名词或代词，有时也可以润饰有些或整个句

子。

定语从句一般呈如今先行词之后，由联络词（联络代词或联络副词）引出。

This is the book that I want. 这就是我想要的那本书。

2. 先行词

被定语从句润饰的名词/代词等被称为“先行词”,呈如今定语从句前。

She is the girl who sang a song on the stage last night.

她就是昨晚在舞台上歌唱的那个女孩。

I will always cherish the days when I studied in your school.

我将永久珍惜在贵校学习的日子。

Let's find a place where I can have a picnic. 咱们找个当地去野餐吧。

He lent me the money,which I considered a great help to me.(有时是整个语句)

(整个主句He lent me the money是先行词,Which对错限制性定语从句) 他借给我钱,我认为这对我协助很大。

3. 联络词

引导定语从句的词就是“联络词”。联络词一方面引导定语从句起联接作用，

一起替代先行词，在定语从句中担任一个成分。

联络代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which, as。

联络副词有：when, where, why, how。

定语从句中的谓语动词有必要在人称上和数量上和先行词坚持共同。

定语从句分为捆绑性定语从句和非捆绑性定语从句。

　（1）联络代词引导的定语从句

1) who, whom, that 这些词替代的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：

Is he the man who/that wants to see you?（who/that在从句中作主语）

He is the man whom/ that I saw

yesterday.（whom/that在从句中作宾语）

2) whose 用来指人或物，（只用作定语，若指物，它还可以同of which交换），例如：　

Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.

3) which, that 它们所替代的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，例如：

A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.（which / that在句中作宾语）

The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. (which / that在句中作宾语)

（2）联络副词引导的定语从句