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所属分类：英语资料
在复合句中润饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句，也叫描述词性从句。被润饰的名词或许代词叫做先行词。定语从句一般呈如今先行词之后，由联络代词或许联络副词引出。定语从句分为两类：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句与主句联络亲近，对先行词有润饰限制作用，假定去掉主句的意思就不无缺；而非限制性定语从句只是对先行词做附加的阐明，常与主句间用逗号离隔。
定语从句的引导词分为：联络代词和联络副词。
eg. I discussed it with my brother, who is a lawyer.
Do you know the woman (whom)we met at the gate?
1)抢先行词是不定代词all，much, any, few, every, ---thing, ---body, ---one, none, the one 等时；
Do you have anything that you want to say for yourself?
You should hand in all that you have!
2)抢先行词被the only, the very, the same, any, few, little, no, all等润饰时；
This is the very person that I am looking for.
The only thing that we can do is to give you some money.
3)抢先行词是描述词最高档或许被描述词最高档润饰捆绑时；
This is the best that has been used against pollution.
This is the most interesting film that I have ever seen.
4)抢先行词是序数词或许被序数词润饰捆绑时；
The train is the last that will go to Beijing.
What is the fist American film that you have seen?
5)抢先行词既有人又有物时；
Do you know the persons and things that they are talking about?
6)当主句是以wh-最初的特别疑问词最初的特别疑问句时，定语从句的引导词用that；
Which is the bike that you lost?
Who is the boy that won the gold medal?
7）抢先行词在主句中作表语，且联络代词在从句中的语句成分也是表语时
Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be.
1).在非限制性定语从句中，只能用which，此时既可以标明先行词是物的情况，又可以用which来指代上文中整个语句的内容。
Hellen%20was%20much%20kinder%20to%20her%20youngest%20son%20than%20to%20the%20others,%20of%20course,%20which%20made%20the%20others%20envy%20him.
2).%20当引导词是介词+联络代词时，若先行词指物，只能用which。
※先行词是the%20way时，引导词用that,%20in%20which,%20也可省掉。
eg.%20I%20don’t%20like%20the%20way%20(that/in%20which)%20you%20laugh%20at%20her.
抢先行词与引导词后的名词间存在所属联络时，引导词用whose。而且whose+名词=the%20+名词+of%20+which（先行词指物时）/whom（先行词指人时）
eg.%20Do%20not%20get%20close%20to%20the%20house%20whose%20roof%20is%20red
=Do%20not%20get%20close%20to%20the%20house%20the%20roof%20of%20which%20is%20red.
1）、as%20可以在定语从句中做主语或宾语，代表前面整个语句。
eg.%20He%20is%20honest,%20as%20we%20can%20see.
2）、as%20引导的非捆绑性定语从句可以放在主句之前、主句之后，甚至还可以切割主句。%20另外，as%20常%20常有“正如、正像”的意义。%20
eg.%20As%20is%20known%20to%20all,%20China%20is%20a%20developing%20country.
He%20is%20from%20the%20south,%20as%20we%20can%20know%20from%20his%20accent.
John,%20as%20you%20know,%20is%20a%20famous%20writer.
3)、抢先行词受such,%20the%20same%20润饰时，联络词常用as。
eg.%20I’ve%20never%20heard%20such%20stories%20as%20he%20told.
This%20is%20the%20same%20dictionary%20as%20I%20lost%20last%20week.
※.抢先行词受the%20same%20润饰时，偶尔也用%20that引导定语从句，但与as引导的定语从句意思有差异。
eg.%20She%20wore%20the%20same%20dress%20that%20she%20wore%20at%20Mary's%20wedding.
She%20wore%20the%20same%20dress%20as%20her%20younger%20sister%20wore.
eg.%20Do%20you%20still%20remember%20the%20time%20that/%20which%20we%20spent%20together%20in%20our%20childhood?
Do%20you%20still%20remember%20the%20time%20when%20we%20worked%20together%20in%20the%20factory?
1).when引导的定语从句的先行词一般是标明时刻的名词，如time,%20day,%20week,%20month,%20year等，when在从句中作时刻状语。
eg.%20Sunday%20is%20a%20day%20when%20people%20don’t%20have%20to%20go%20to%20work.
※先行词是occasion且从句中短少状语时，从句的引导词用when。
2).Where引导的定语从句的先行词一般是标明地址的名词，Where在从句中作地址状语。
eg.%20She%20is%20teaching%20at%20the%20university%20where%20her%20mother%20once%20studied.
※situation,%20case,%20stage,%20point时定语从句短少的语句成分是状语时，引导词常用where。
I%20can%20think%20of%20many%20cases%20where%20students%20obviously%20know%20a%20lot%20of%20English%20words%20and%20expressions%20but%20couldn’t%20write%20a%20good%20essay.
3).Why引导的定语从句的先行词一般是标明缘由的名词，Why在从句中作缘由状语。
Do%20you%20know%20the%20reason%20why%20he%20changed%20his%20mind?
在这一规划中，联络代词只能用which和whom，抢先行词指物时，联络代词用which；抢先行词指人时，联络代词用whom。
发生这种规划的缘由：1联络副词when，where，Why可以用这一规划替换；2有些动词短语中的介词可以提前到联络代词前。
介词的选用：根据从句中的动词的固定分配而断定；
联络代词的断定：根据先行词指人仍是指物而断定。
1.%20This%20is%20the%20house%20in%20which%20/where%20we%20lived%2010%20years%20ago.
2.%20Class%2010%20is%20the%20class%20to%20which%20I%20belong
3.%20He%20paid%20the%20boy%2010%20dollars%20for%20washing%2010%20windows,%20most%20of%20which%20hadn’t%20been%20cleaned%20for%20at%20least%20a%20year.
4.%20In%20the%20dark%20street,%20there%20wasn’t%20a%20single%20person%20to%20whom%20she%20could%20turn%20for%20help.
5.%20The%20gentleman%20about%20whom%20you%20are%20talking%20is%20in%20the%20next%20door.
定语从句中谓语动词的人称和数根据先行词断定。
one%20of%20+可数名词复数+联络代词+复数谓语
the%20only%20one%20of%20+可数名词复数+联络代词+奇数数谓语
eg.%201．The%20Great%20Wall%20is%20one%20of%20the%20world-famous%20buildings%20that/which%20draw%20lots%20of%20visitors.
2.%20He%20is%20the%20only%20one%20of%20students%20who%20knows%20the%20answer%20to%20the%20question.
同位语从句与定语从句从方法上看如同没啥差异，实践上从意义和功用上看，仍是比照易区另外。同位语从句的先行词一般为fact,%20idea,%20news,%20thought,%20reply,%20report,%20problem等笼统名词。相关词that在同位语从句中只是起联接作用，不作任何成分，但又不可以省掉。定语从句的相关词（联络代词和联络副词）在从句中是要充当语句成分的且有实践意义。
eg.The%20suggestion%20that%20we%20should%20practise%20speaking%20English%20every%20day%20came%20from%20our%20monitor.%20The%20suggestion%20that%20our%20monitor%20put%20forward%20at%20the%20meeting%20is%20very%20valuable.
eg. It is Professor Johnson who is to visit China Agricultural University next week.
This is Professor Johnson, who is to visit China Agricultural University next week.
1．知道到定语从句的存在。找到先行词（名词或许代词）。
2．找到从句。从句象援引导词----语句从引导词初步-----保证是语句（语句成分无缺）。
3．区别从句的语句成分。断定从句中短少的语句成分（选择引导词的词类）。
短少主语宾语表语----------选择联络代词
不短少主宾表----------------选择联络副词
4选具体的某个引导词。根据以上断定的成果, 选择适合的引导词。
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