IG英语-Writing课件解析

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1、total time 2 hours. total score 50.total section: 3.on the test date, there are strict rule for things bringing along with you:registration ticket or passtest permit and passport2b pencil: 3 pcs / hb pencil: 3 pcs / eraser with no cover and graphicspen bag must be transparentcalculator (only for mat

2、ch) with no covers, and no recorded formulas.no translating deviceno cell phoneconfirm the location one day prior to test datebring


water and snacks for break timeig writingseating chart for the testblack boardwriting tableoccupied seatig writingneed to remember theseig写作考试常用的固定搭配 1. be found in 2.

3、be associated with 3. be typical of 4. the use of 5. rely on 6. be derived from 起源于 7. refer to 8. be known as sb 9. be known for sth 10. be concerned with 11. in relation to 关于，与相比 12. act on 对起作用 13. bring about 使发生 14. protect. from 15. together with 16. a number of 17. be able to 18. be similar

4、to 19. be dependent on 20. with ease 熟练的21. according to22. specialize in doing sth


23. serve as 24. at one time 25. tend to 26. interest in 27. due to 28. lead to 29. at least 30. contrary to 31. be equal to 32. contribute to doing sth 33. live in 34. be dedicated to doing 35. deal with 36. belong

5、to 37. it is estimated that 38. be resistant to 39. result from 40. consist of 41. in connection with 42. transform intoig writingneed to remember these43. take place 44. excel at doing 擅长于 45. be based on 46. play a key role 47. spread to 48. come from 49. be related to 50. a minimum of 51. begin t

6、o 52. begin doing 53. start to 54. start doing 55. cause/lead/enable/force/order sb to do sth 56. attempt to do sth 57. expect sb to do sth; sb be expected to do sth; 58. be compared to/with 59. appear/seem to do 60. at a time when +句子 61. indicate/state/believe/predict/show /demonstrate/reveal that

7、 +句子 62. not only., but also./ not only., but as well 63. the relationship between a and b/of a to b 64. be responsible for (doing) sth/to sb65. 句首表“尽管”:whereas/while 66. at a time when +从句 67. be likely to do sth/ that +从句 68. the possibility/likehood + (1) that 从句 (2) of doing sth (3) of sth 69. (

8、1) use sth to do sth 对 (2) use sth to be 错 (3) use sth as 在sat中是错的 70. be/give/have grounds for 71. forbid sth/doing sth 72. prohibit./prevent/keep sb from doing sth 73. depict. as. 74. in effect = in fact 75. not. but. 76. not. but rather. 77. call for sth/ call for a and b78. prove (1) prove sth (

9、2) prove (to be) + adj 79. regard. as sth/adj/doing 80. be known (1)for sth (2)as sb (3)to do sth (4)to+范围 81. descend from 82. on condition that 83. model. after. 84. be based on 85. look to sb to do sth 86. however much s + v; however many sthig writingneed to remember these87. believe (1) that +

10、从句 (2) sth to be sth (3) adj 88. apply to 89. attribute sth to; be attributed to 90. be consistent with 91. be worried about 92. before sth/doing/从句 93. associate with; be associated with 94. on account of; because of sth/doing sth 95. the same as 96. benefit from 97. to (a great) extent 98. range/v

11、ary (in 方面) from. to. 99. in danger of 100. be founded on/in 101. react with 102. allow/permit sb to do sth 103. a wide range of 104. be lack of; be lacking in 105. amount to 106. be credited with/to/for 107. between. and. 108. collaborate with109. claim to do/to be/to sth/that +从句 110. order sb to

12、do sth/ that +从句 111. from. to. until 112. owe. to. 113. be equal/equivalent to 114. regard/view. as. 115. account for 116. suggest doing sth/ that +从句 117. seek to do sth 118. persuade sb to do sth 119. be enrolled in 120. be subjected to 121. criticize sb for doing sth 122. be fond of sth 123. adm

13、ire sb for sthig writingvery important skill错误方法三中的字数技巧:一般我们国际上用的是a4纸，但是美国的纸张用的标准是letter size (11”x8.5”)比我们的宽度稍宽，高度稍短。a4letterig writingvery important skill字数的估算。a4a412号字体打印，满幅约3500字手写，因人而异但平均15个字行，一页最多300字当换为letter size的时候，左右行距加了一个字，上下高度减少两行，这是规律ig writinghow to writesat写作中评分的轻重性:1）digressing from

14、the main subject2）construction of the passage3）source material4）coherence and cohesion 5）grammatical range and accuracy6）sentence professional: combination sentence7）lexical resources8）format重轻how to write1） digressing from the main subject. most important !题目:international tourism has become one of

15、 the biggest industries in the world. some people think it causes more tension than understanding between people from different cultures. to what extent (程度上)do you agree or disagree?首先，第一段，我会说明我不同意这个观点，其次，我心里会想到，旅游的好处，不就是为了让人们增进了解吗？那么坏处是什么？加大不同文化背景的人程度吗？于是，我就会在第二段开始写其好处，写很多后，再写一点坏处，让好处改过坏，泛泛谈国际旅行的利

16、弊。自然而然的这篇作文就会得0分应:谈具体的tension或是understanding，来论证在何程度上你不同意这个观点。how to write1） digressing from the main subject. most important !另外一个例子的题目:in countries where there is high unemployment most pupils should be offered only primary education; there is no point in offering secondary education to those who

17、will have no hope of finding a job.忌: 谈一方面，也就是说一直在谈论如果失业率少，那才是教育程度高，或者教育程度高了，人们的失业率才少。应: 先说一下失业率高的原因很大程度上是人们素质不高，教育不好，那就更得好好上学；教育的目的并不仅仅是让学生就业，还有更重要的意义。好和不好都要照顾到。how to write4）coherence and cohesionwhether the response and the passage has a suitable layout and logical ordering of points; correct and

18、 appropriate use of connectives.表层次: first; second; whats more; in addition; apart from this; last 表观点: personally; in my opinion; as far as i am concerned; as far as i know; what i want to stress is that(我想强调的是); hold the opinion that 某人持有的主张; according to sb, 依照某人的观点看,; 表转折: however, ; ., but 表让步:

19、 although/ though, ; despite the fact that;表因果: because/ as.; since/ now that, therefore, ; ., thus,; ., so ; 表递进: not only, but also; as well as; 表概括: in a word; in short; to sum up; 5） lexical resourcesrange, appropriacy（得体）and accuracy of vocabulary;the examiner will check the correct forms and t

20、he spelling of words used.这一层次就是保证词汇量的正确和精确性，另外就是根据你的词汇量给你加分how to write5） lexical resources怎么样快速提高你的这项能力？把下面的最常用的背过近义词或同义词表达替换使用高级词语，避免口语化consider - contemplate/reflect on/ponder/ put it into considerationimprove - boost/enhance/get sth. upgraded better/perfect sth.lots of - a host of/numerous/a si

21、gnificant number of/a considerable number oflike - such as/for instancething - issue/topic/matter/factorlittle/big - small/largeget词组 get better/worse - improve/deteriorate切忌不要写 i think. 太主观化. 如果实在要写，可以写，to my consideration.how to improve your sentenceyou know the outline for the structure,and you k

22、now how to demonstrate your point of view.now you need to go for the detail of the sentence.below are the ones you can improve to make sentence standing out.中式思维no one knows all the things. no one knows everything. when i want to absorb somebody elses opinion, i will study with others. when i need a

23、 second opinion, i will study with others. how to improve your sentence中式思维nothing is more important than money, because money can improve our living standard. nothing is more important than money, because money can improve our life.词不达意there is no denying that we will own nothing at all if we depen

24、d on luck. there is no denying that we will get nowhere if we rely on luck. how to improve your sentence精炼你的句子eating outside has the most advantage that we can leave at any time when we finish eating without doing any washing. the best part of eating out is that we can leave everything behind after

25、meal. the artists work pushes our civilization to a higher level. artists work upgrades our civilization.i am not good at math, but english.i am good not at mathematics but at english.my strength is not mathematics but english. how to improve your sentence习惯表达many people dissatisfy with their status

26、 quo. many people are dissatisfied with their status quo. 画蛇添足people should learn knowledge no matter how old they are. people should learn no matter how old they are.people are never too old to learn. 比上句话更精练 how to improve your sentence文体意识you spend all your life to fulfill your willing. you devot

27、e all your life to the fulfillment of your dream. 结构不平行i was able to raise my test score by studying hard and i read a lot of books. i was able to raise my test score by studying hard and reading numerous books. how to improve your sentence不能用缩写形式wealthy parents shouldnt spoil their children. otherw

28、ise, their children wont become independent.wealthy parents should not spoil their children. otherwise, their children will not become independent.美英拼写混淆we cannot emphasize (强调，加重) the impact of international tourism on traditional neighbourhoods too much. we cannot emphasize the impact of internati

29、onal tourism on traditional neighborhoods too much.how to improve your sentencecenter centretheater theatrecolor colourfavor favourcatalog cataloguedialog dialogueskillful skilfulenrol enrolltraveled travelleddefense defenceparalyze paralyseanalyze analyseorganize - organise美英拼写的不同writing model and

30、patternmodel for beginning:作文开头部分是吸引考官的重点，所以在备考的时候一定要重视开头。下面推荐了sat作文开头的写作模板，一共四个，一个比一个复杂，大家可以根据实际写作需要进行模仿。model 1speaking of/when it comes to, some people think that while others argue that.for me, model 2: i agree/disagree that.admittedly,however,for example: the college years are the best time in

31、a persons life.do you agree or disagree with this statement?i disagree that the college years are the best time in a persons life. admittedly, college often corresponds with a time when people are young, healthy, and physically strong, and those attributes are highly regarded in western cultures. ho

32、wever, the college years must also be viewed as a period of high stress and a certain uncomfortable dependence. writing model and patternmodel 3: 从远处走来: 背景+主题+观点:nowadays, the growth of economy brings a great many changes one of which is the improvement of.this has led to a consequential controversy

33、 on what generated the change. one leading view is while another.理解1: 这种从远处走来就是把题干中的背景, 或者现象的原因给出来, 经济原因是万能理由. 所以上面这个模板, 就是由经济引起的题目中的现象. 不光是经济的话题可以用这个，教育的主题也可以用这个模板。例如，如果说教育题目的话， 我们也可能采用把题干中的经济改为社会现象，从而展开现象展开,，细说一下现在人物是如何的把上大学已经是作为一种义务教育, 而不像是十年前的一种少数人的可以实现的梦. 同时也可以强调一下学历的重要性.in todays climate where

34、 it seems that only talents armed with honorable degrees can gain easy access to the gate towards glory success, people in growing numbers are crowding into the colleges where they will sacrifice their most valuable years in the lifetime. yet, are the college years that have played an imperative par

35、t in a persons life the best experience? i really doubt it. writing model and patternmodel 4: 3+1排比nowadays, for those high school students who are struggling in an abominably lot of examinations, college must be the dreaming paradise with no pressure for tests; for those who are avid for a job oppo

36、rtunity, college experience must be the glorious trump; for those who have never and ever roamed on any college campus for some reason, college must be the eternal regret. it seems undeniable that college years are the best time in a persons life. but i really doubt it. 总之: 模板3与模板4都是题干的背景与成因展开. 模板4更

37、为强调语言的功力.建议大家使用时，把黄色的词换掉，因为这些都一样的话，就太显眼了。模板1与模板2都是比较容易的一套就可以, 后两个模板是留给大家一点发展空间.writing model and patternmodel 其他:in this argument, the arguer concludes thatto substantiate the conclusion, the arguer points out thatin addition, the arguer assumes that / reasons that / cites the example of / cites the

38、 result of a recent study thata careful examination of this argument would reveal how groundless it is.总之: 模板3与模板4都是题干的背景与成因展开. 模板4更为强调语言的功力.建议大家使用时，把黄色的词换掉，因为这些都一样的话，就太显眼了。模板1与模板2都是比较容易的一套就可以, 后两个模板是留给大家一点发展空间.ig test will have at least one letter,75-100 words,10 points. reading and writing are tog

39、ether for two hours, but you need more time on writing. letter has the lowest ratio, you need 15 minutes at most.ielts does not have letter format writing.letters include business / offical letter and private letter考试不会考:信封的写法，以及收件人地址写法(信头)。这几年，接近公函格式的正式信件不多。基本都是非公函形式。但是都要学到。只要上课记住以下的这几种写信格式，考试就可以应对

40、。给你们简单过一下公函的大意图，请看图片，write a letter书信的格式1） 信头(heading)；2） 称呼(salutation)；3） 正文(body of the letter)；4） 结束语(complimentary close)；5） 签名(signature)。write a lettera 信头（heading） 信头包括写信人地址和写信日期，通常写在信的右上角。在比较熟识的朋友之间的通信，写信人的地址常可略去。只写日期，而不写写信人的地址。虽然考试不考信头，但是要知道，写日期的格式。（英联邦）月、日、年:如august 15, 2012 （美国） 日、月、年:如1

41、5th august, 2012 地址的写法通常是由小到大，如:门牌号、街道名、市（县）名、省名、国名（邮政编码通常写在城市名之后）。这同中文书信的地址写法完全相反。地址可以写13行，日期写在地址的下方（见信笺格式）。 write a letterb 称呼（salutation） 称呼指写信人对收信人的称呼，如dear john，写在信头的下方和左边。 称呼用dear开头，称呼后一般用逗号。而不是中文的冒号。 见excel表格汇总c 正文（body） 这是书信的主体部分，即写信人要表达的内容。正文要求文字通顺，层次分明，表意清楚。考试包括email也是放在了写信这一部分，所以写信和写email

42、是相同的。在ig考试中都是手写。d 结束语（complimentary close） 它是书信结尾的恭维话，相当于文中书信最后的“祝好”、“致礼”之类的话语。 e 签名（signature） 签名通常签在结束语下方的中间偏右的位置。签名应是亲笔书写，即使是打写机打出的信件，最后仍需亲笔签名。在ig考试中，签名虽然代表一个人的特殊有法律效应的符号，但是签名还是要用英文。正楷写也可以被考官视为签名。write a letter邀请信: 有正式和非正式之分。正式邀请信一般属于公函类，私人邀请信一般属于非正式文体。邀请朋友、熟人参加某一聚会时，用词太正规显得不亲密。如果与被邀请人不太熟悉，用正式文体。

43、如果认识但并不十分了解，文体可介于两个者之间。由此可见，邀请究竟用什么文体，关键看与被邀请人之间的亲疏程度。邀请信要明确写出活动（是晚会、晚餐还是一般的聚会等）、活动的时间地点组织这项活动的理由，有时还应告诉对方可能出席的人，另外一般希望对方给予答复。非正式邀请信模板:称呼:dear jack,热身话:how are you? / it has been a long time / 根据出题内容，这个也可省略给出邀请:i am going to see and i have two tickets. would you like 给出细节:there will be a lot of peop

44、le / i heard this was the best提出见面要求和说明(一定要让对方给予答复) :starts at. / meet in at / dobefore it starts. please phone me at home to let me know.结束语:looking forward to seeing you.签名:love mary信件正文: write a letter半正式邀请信模板:信头（省略）称呼: dear miss green,热身话(不可以省略) : i am very pleased to write to you. my name is 给出

45、邀请: we will have an english evening at 7:00-9:00 on would you please给出细节: at the party, we will sing english songs, play games提出见面要求和说明:we can pick you up at. please let me know is there 结束语:looking forward to seeing you.签名:yours sincerely, xiaohan su信件正文: 正式邀请信模板:信头(省略)称呼: dear miss green,热身话(不可以省略

46、):its our great pleasure to announce that jan. 19th is the 3rd anniversary of the给出邀请: at this moment, we would like to express our sincere gratitude to our alumni for both courtesy and support over the past six years. 细节和见面说明放一起以表示严谨: the banquet is as follows: 7:00p.m.,jan. 19th, room no.123, kunl

47、un hotel. please confirm if you plan to attend. 结束语和签名尽量简短以表严谨:yours sincerely, xiaohan suwrite a letter信件正文: 感谢信: 感谢信可分为感谢馈赠、感谢款待、感谢帮助、感谢送行和感谢探病等。 感谢信一般包括以下几点:对收信人的称谓；写信的目的；（thank you for）致谢并详述所收到的礼物或得到的帮助等；客套话，或者表示回谢的话最后加上签名模板称呼: dear ms. gupta,热身话(省略)，直接说目的:how regretful i must leave you house. t

48、hank you for the many good things you provided.细节或感受叙述:the chess game, tennis match and mr. guptas delicious dishes gave me lots of enjoyment.回谢:if you came to beijing for any reason, please come to my family. the kids are looking forward to seeing aunt jean。签名:yours sincerely, xiaohan suwrite a let

49、ter信件正文: 投诉信: 投诉信一般是个人对于某公司的产品以及服务不满而写给该公司上层的，要求赔偿或者道歉的信件。投诉信一般包括以下几点:对收信人的称谓；写信的目的；叙述碰到的问题；层次要清晰感谢信中的回谢的话，在这里成为要求怎样赔偿。最后加上签名模板称呼: dear sir: 热身话(省略)，直接说目的:on september 10, our order for 280 womens cotton sweaters was received, but we regret to say that 40 cotton sweaters in white color were seriousl

50、y soiled.细节或感受叙述:we had the case investigated immediately, and the result shows the damage was due to improper packing, for which the suppliers are definitely responsible.赔偿要求:needless to say, we have suffered a great loss from this, we ask you to refund签名:yours truly, xiaohan suwrite a letter信件正文:

51、道歉信: 不是经常考。道歉信有时也可以是解释信。如果是公函的形势，一般是公司写给客户之类的，但是非正式道歉信，一般都是个人写给其他人或者集体的（例如学校活着某机构）:对收信人的称谓；写信的目的（对什么表示歉意）；解释原因，细节补救的办法。这里要在最后再次道歉最后加上签名模板称呼: dear kate,热身话(省略)，直接说目的: excuse me for my long delaying in returning to you your “robinson crusoe” which i read through with great interest.解释原因，细节:i had finis

52、hed reading the book and was about to return it when my cousin came to see me. never having seen the book, she was so interested补救办法:i hope you will overlook my negligence in not returning it sooner. 再次道歉（这个是感谢信和投诉信没有的部分）:sorry for that, but thanking you again for the loan. 签名:best regards, tom writ

53、e a letter信件正文: 道歉信的万能句型。以后国外生活的对话或者写信也会经常用。请记下来。thank you for your invitation to dinner at your home tomorrow evening. unfortunately, it is much to my regret that i cannot. i feel terribly sorry for missing the chance of. is it possible for you and me to have a private meeting afterwards? if so, pl

54、ease dont hesitate to drop me a call about your preferable date. please allow me to say sorry again.reportreport is in ig writings second section in writing test.100-150 words20 pointsreport比雅思的essay要简单。因为题目对写作提纲和细节有明确的要求。你要做的是按照其要求，写出一篇报告，来论证你对题目中出现的论点，最后加上你的个人观点，建议，或者结论。雅思需要分单边论和双边论。ig的report中不必。如

55、果题目是假如你是某学生或者领导或其他某个角色，可以使用第一人称；如果没有这样主人翁的假设，还是不能用第1，2人称。how to write a report:executive summary: 一般要出现“the main purpose of this report is to这样的标志性语句。一般来说，这部分主要介绍这篇report的研究内容、研究对象、研究目的、研究意义等等一些概括性的东西。reportintroduction，在report中，introduction部分相当于是一个background，而不是概括report的内容。请注意与essay的区别。report中的intr

56、oduction不概括文章内容；不介绍文章结构；只介绍background。例如:there is a considerable debate aboutbody，总原则这段内容用简洁的语言提炼出要点关键词，然后进行解和阐述。要注意我一开始讲写作说的那些连接词。层次清晰。紧扣题目要求。考试由于字数限制不要求写太多实例。你的论证理由可能会很容易就被推翻，但这不是重点，重点是能清晰论证你的观点。如果是写16岁就踏入社会的好处和坏处，还有18岁踏入社会的好处和坏处。你要写四个论证部分，但是究竟按年龄分，还是按好处和坏处分？这个要看题目给你提供的提纲是怎么安排的。conclusion / recomm

57、endation, 根据题目的要求具体把握。这段还是要注意承上启下的连接词。避免写i think这样的话。可以用:to my considerationreportintroduction，在report中，introduction部分相当于是一个background，而不是概括report的内容。请注意与essay的区别。report中的introduction不概括文章内容；不介绍文章结构；只介绍background。例如:there is a considerable debate aboutbody，总原则这段内容用简洁的语言提炼出要点关键词，然后进行解和阐述。要注意我一开始讲写作说的

58、那些连接词。层次清晰。紧扣题目要求。考试由于字数限制不要求写太多实例。你的论证理由可能会很容易就被推翻，但这不是重点，重点是能清晰论证你的观点。如果是写16岁就踏入社会的好处和坏处，还有18岁踏入社会的好处和坏处。你要写四个论证部分，但是究竟按年龄分，还是按好处和坏处分？这个要看题目给你提供的提纲是怎么安排的。conclusion / recommendation, 根据题目的要求具体把握。这段还是要注意承上启下的连接词。避免写i think这样的话。可以用:to my considerationreportreport的主段要注意连贯性，和逻辑性whether the response an

59、d the passage has a suitable layout and logical ordering of points; correct and appropriate use of connectives.表层次: first; second; whats more; in addition; apart from this; last 表观点: personally; in my opinion; as far as i am concerned; as far as i know; what i want to stress is that(我想强调的是); hold th

60、e opinion that 某人持有的主张; according to sb, 依照某人的观点看,; 表转折: however, ; ., but 表让步: although/ though, ; despite the fact that;表因果: because/ as.; since/ now that, therefore, ; ., thus,;表递进: not only, but also; as well as; 表概括: in a word; in short; to sum up; 在这里复习一下连接词reportreference: reference考试中不考，但是将来

61、上大学课程写报告时，是导师最看重的，所以请一定特别注意！出现编造的情况，一旦查出有作假或抄袭情况，会直接挂科，甚至开除学籍。一般来说，reference包含两个部分，一种是in-text reference 也就是在文章里的reference，一种是在文章最后出现的reference, 也就是reference list。一篇论文须要包含文中的in-textreference和文末的reference list。论文有明确要求几个reference的，根据要求来把握；没有明确说明个数的，一般按照每千字3-4个来操作。reference格式标注办法，一般论文要求中会明确提到。常用的reference格式有:harvard referencing system 哈佛文献标记系统cms: chicago manual of style (cms) 芝加哥写作和文献标注系统:apa style:american psychological association. 美国心理学会写作和文献标记办法ama: american medical association 美国医学会文献标注系统 mla: 现代语言学会写作和文献标注系统cse: council of science editors (cse) 科技编辑理事会文献标记和写作办法