- A+
2022年全国乙卷英语高考真题
一、阅览了解
Henry Raeburn (1756-1823)
The Exhibition
This exhibition of some sixty masterpieces celebrating the life and work of Scotland’s best loved painter, Sir Henry Raeburn, comes to London. Selected from collections throughout the world, it is the first major exhibition of his work to be held in over forty years.
Lecture Series
Scottish National Portrait (肖像画) Gallery presents a series of lectures for the general public. They are held in the Lecture Room. Admission to lectures is free.
An Introduction to Raeburn
Sunday 26 Oct., 15.00
DUNCAN THOMSON
Raeburn’s English Contemporaries
Thursday 30 Oct., 13.10
JUDY EGERTON
Characters and Characterisation in
Raeburn’s Portraits
Thursday 6 Nov., 13.10
NICHOLAS PHILLIPSON
Raeburn and Artist’s Training in the
18th Century
Thursday 13 Nov., 13.10
MARTIN POSTLE
?
Exhibition TimesMonday-Saturday 10.00-17.45?????????????Sunday 12.00-17.45
Last admission to the exhibition: 17.15. There is no re-admission.
Closed: 24-26 December and 1 January.
Admission
￡4. Children under 12 years accompanied by an adult are admitted free.
Schools and Colleges
A special low entrance charge of ￡2 per person is available to all in full-time education, up to and including those at first degree level, in organised groups with teachers.
1．What is the right time for attending Raeburn’s English Contemporaries?
A．Sun. 26 Oct.?????????? B．Thurs. 30 Oct.???????? C．Thurs. 6 Nov.???????? D．Thurs.13 Nov.
2．How much would a couple with two children under 12 pay for admission?
A．￡4.??????????????????????? B．￡8.???????????????????????? C．￡12.?????????????????????? D．￡16.
3．How can full-time students get group discounts?
A．They should go on Sunday mornings.?????????? B．They should come from art schools.
C．They must be led by teachers.????????????????????? D．They must have ID cards with them.
【答案】1．B
2．B
3．C
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇使用文。首要介绍了为留念苏格兰最受等待的画家亨利·雷伯恩爵士进行的展览的有关情况。
1．
细节了解题。根据表格右上角Raeburn’s English Contemporaries有些“Thursday 30 Oct. (10月30日周四)”可知，在10月30日周四可以去参加Raeburn’s English Contemporaries。故选B项。
2．
细节了解题。根据Admission有些“￡4. Children under 12 years accompanied by an adult are admitted free.(4英镑。12岁以下儿童在一位成人伴随下免费出场。)”可知，一对配偶唐塞4+4=8英镑，两个12岁以下的儿童在成人伴随下免费，即出场费为8英镑。故选B项。
3．
细节了解题。根据最终一段“A special low entrance charge of ￡2 per person is available to all in full-time education, up to and including those at first degree level, in organised groups with teachers.(一切全日制教育的学生，高至并包括那些学士学位水平的学生，在有教师的组织集体中，均可享受每人2英镑的特别低出场费。)”可知，全日制学生在有教师的组织集体中，可以获得扣头，即他们有必要由教师带领。故选C项。
In 1916, two girls of wealthy families, best friends from Auburn, N. Y. — Dorothy Woodruff and Rosamond Underwood — traveled to a settlement in the Rocky Mountains to teach in a one-room schoolhouse. The girls had gone to Smith College. They wore expensive clothes. So for them to move to Elkhead, Colo. to instruct the children whose shoes were held together with string was a surprise. Their stay in Elkhead is the subject of Nothing Daunted: The Unexpected Education of Two Society Girls in the West by Dorothy Wickenden, who is a magazine editor and Dorothy Woodruff’s granddaughter.
?Why did they go then? Well, they wanted to do something useful. Soon, however, they realized what they had undertaken.
They moved in with a local family, the Harrisons, and, like them, had little privacy, rare baths, and a blanket of snow on their quilt when they woke up in the morning. Some mornings, Rosamond and Dorothy would arrive at the schoolhouse to find the children weeping from the cold. In spring, the snow was replaced by mud over ice.
In Wickenden’s book, she expanded on the history of the West and also on feminism, which of course influenced the girls’ decision to go to Elkhead. A hair-raising section concerns the building of the railroads, which entailed (牵涉) drilling through the Rockies, often in blinding snowstorms. The book ends with Rosamond and Dorothy’s return to Auburn.
Wickenden is a very good storyteller. The sweep of the land and the stoicism (坚忍) of the people move her to some beautiful writing. Here is a picture of Dorothy Woodruff, on her horse, looking down from a hill top: “When the sun slipped behind the mountains, it shed a rosy glow all around them. Then a full moon rose. The snow was marked only by small animals: foxes, coyotes, mice, and varying hares, which turned white in the winter.”
4．Why did Dorothy and Rosamond go to the Rocky Mountains?
A．To teach in a school.?????????????????????????????????? B．To study American history.
C．To write a book.???????????????????????????????????????? D．To do sightseeing.
5．What can we learn about the girls from paragraph 3?
A．They enjoyed much respect.??????????????????????? B．They had a room with a bathtub.
C．They lived with the local kids.???????????????????? D．They suffered severe hardships.
6．Which part of Wickenden’s writing is hair-raising?
A．The extreme climate of Auburn.????????????????? B．The living conditions in Elkhead.
C．The railroad building in the Rockies.??????????? D．The natural beauty of the West.
7．What is the text?
A．A news report.??????? B．A book review.??????? C．A children’s story.?? D．A diary entry.
【答案】4．A
5．D
6．C
7．B
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇谈论。这篇文章扼要介绍了Dorothy Wickenden的书本并对其进行了评价。
4．
细节了解题。根据第一段“In 1916, two girls of wealthy families, best friends from Auburn, N.Y.-Dorothy Woodruff and Rosamond Underwood -traveled to a settlement in the Rocky Mountains to teach in a one-room schoolhouse. (1916年，来自纽约奥本市的两个殷实家庭的女孩——Dorothy Woodruff和Rosamond Underwood——来到落基山脉的一个久居点，在一间只需一个房间的学校教育。)”可知，Dorothy和Rosamond去落基山脉是为了去学校里教育。故选A项。
5．
推理判别题。根据第三段“They moved in with a local family, the Harrisons, and like them, had little privacy, rare baths, and a blanket of snow on their quilt when they woke up in 
the morning.(他们和一个当地家庭，哈里森一家一同搬进入，和他们相同，几乎没有隐私，很少洗澡，早上醒来时被子上掩盖着一层雪。)”以及“In spring, the snow was replaced by mud over ice.(在春天，雪被泥替代掩盖在冰上。)”可知，女孩们的日子条件非常艰苦，她们饱尝磨难。故选D项。
6．
细节了解题。根据倒数第二段“A hair-raising section concerns the building of the railroads, which entailed drilling through the Rockies, often in blinding snowstorms.(令人毛骨悚然的一段与铁路缔造有关，这触及到在令人眩意图暴风雪中钻穿落基山脉。)”可知，Wickenden的作品中触及落基山脉的铁路缔造这一有些是令人毛骨悚然的。故选C项。
7．
推理判别题。根据倒数第二段“The book ends with Rosamond and Dorothy’s return to Auburn.(这本书以Rosamond和Dorothy回到奥本结束。)”以及最终一段“Wickenden is a very good storyteller. The sweep of the land and the stoicism of the people move her to some beautiful writing.( Wickenden是个极好的讲故事的人。大地的广阔和我们的坚忍使她创造出了一些秀丽的作品。)”可知，这篇文章扼要介绍了Wickenden的书本内容，并对其进行了评价，所以文本是一篇谈论。故选B项。
Can a small group of drones (无人机) guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and, at the same time, help railway operators save 
billions of euros each year? That is the very likely future of applying today’s “eyes in the sky” technology to making sure that the millions of kilometres of rail tracks and infrastructure (基础设备) worldwide are safe for trains on a 24/7 basis.
Drones are already being used to examine high-tension electrical lines. They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks and switching points. The more regularly they can be inspected, the more railway safety, reliability and on-time performance will be improved. Costs would be cut and operations would be more efficient (高效) across the board.
That includes huge savings in maintenance costs and better protection of railway personnel safety. It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on 
maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure. That can be dangerous work that could be avoided with drones assisting the crews’ efforts.
By using the latest technologies, drones could also start providing higher-value services for railways, detecting faults in the rail or switches, before they can cause any safety problems. To perform these tasks, drones for rail don’t need to be flying overhead. Engineers are now working on a new concept: the rail drones of the future. They will be moving on the track ahead of the train, and programmed to run autonomously. Very small drones with advanced sensors and AI and travelling ahead of the train could guide it like a co-pilot. With their ability to see ahead, they could signal any problem, so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time.
8．What makes the application of drones to rail lines possible?
A．The use of drones in checking on power lines.?????? B．Drones’ ability to work at high altitudes.
C．The reduction of cost in designing drones.??? D．Drones’ reliable performance in remote areas.
9．What does “maintenance” underlined in paragraph 3 refer to?
A．Personnel safety.??????????????????????????????????????? B．Assistance from drones.
C．Inspection and repair.???????????????????????????????? D．Construction of infrastructure.
10．What function is expected of the rail drones?
A．To provide early warning.?????????????????????????? B．To make trains run automatically.
C．To earn profits for the crews.?????????????????????? D．To accelerate transportation.
11．Which is the most suitable title for the text?
A．What Faults Can Be Detected with Drones
B．How Production of Drones Can Be Expanded
C．What Difficulty Drone Development Will Face
D．How Drones Will Change the Future of Railways
【答案】8．A
9．C
10．B
11．D
【解析】
【导语】
这篇文章是一篇阐明文。使用今日的“空中之眼”的技能，无人机能在保证铁路平安可靠的一起又能协助铁路运营商每年节约数十亿欧元。
8．
细节了解题。根据文章第二段“Drones are already being used to examine high-tension electrical lines. They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks and switching points.(无人机现已被用于查看高压电线。他们完全可以做相同的作业来查看铁道路路和铁路基础设备的其他重要方面，如铁路轨迹和换乘点的正确方位)”可知运用无人机查看电力线路使无人机使用于铁道路路变成可以。故选A。
9．
词义猜测题。根据后文“It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure. (据计算，仅欧洲铁路公司每年在铁路维护上的花费就约为200亿欧元，其间包括常常在夜间差遣修补人员查看和修补铁路基础设备)”可知花在maintenance上的费用是用于“inspect and repair the rail infrastructure （查看和修补铁路基础设备”，由此可知“That includes huge savings in maintenance costs and better protection of railway personnel safety”是指大幅节约修补本钱和非常好地维护铁路人员平安，划线词和 C项：Inspection and repair(修补)意义附近。故选C。
10．
推理判别题。根据文章最终一段 “Engineers are now working on a new concept: the rail drones of the future. They will be moving on the track ahead of the train, and programmed to run autonomously(工程师们如今正在研讨一个新概念:将来的铁路无人机。它们将在列车前方的轨迹上运转，并被设定为主动运转)”可知铁路无人机有望让火车主动运转。故选B。
11．
主旨粗心题。根据文章主题段第一段“Can a small group of drones(无人机)guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and, at the same time, help railway operators save billions of euros each year? That is the very likely future of applying today’s “eyes in the sky” technology to making sure that the millions of kilometers of rail tracks and infrastructure(基础设备)worldwide are safe for trains on a24/7 basis.(一小群无人机能否在保证铁路平安可靠的一起，协助铁路运营商每年节约数十亿欧元?这很可所以使用今日的“空中之眼”技能的将来，以保证全球数百万公里的铁路轨迹和基础设备全天候平安运转。)”以及后文第二段讲到了运用无人机查看电力线路使无人机使用于铁道路路变成可以;第三段讲到了运用无人机大幅节约维护本钱和非常好地维护铁路人员平安；第四段讲到了经过运用最新的技能，无人机还可以初步为铁路供给更高的价值，可知文章首要叙说了无人机将如何改动铁路的将来，所以D项“无人机将如何改动铁路的将来。”契合文章中心思维，适协作为这篇文章的最佳标题。故选D。
The Government's sugar tax on soft drinks has brought in half as much money as Ministers first predicted it would generate, the first official data on the policy has shown.
First announced in April, 2016, the tax which applies to soft drinks containing more than 5g of sugar per 100ml, was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity (肥胖). It is believed that today's children and teenagers are consuming three times the recommended level of sugar, putting them at a higher risk of the disease.
Initially the sugar tax was expected to make ￡520m a year for the Treasury. However, data of the first six months showed it would make less than half this amount. At present it is expected to generate ￡240m for the year ending in April 2021, which will go to school sports.
It comes after more than half of soft drinks sold in shops have had their sugar levels cut by manufacturers (制造商) so they can avoid paying the tax. Drinks now contain 45 million fewer kilos of sugar as a result of manufacturers' efforts to avoid the charge, according to Treasury figures. Since April drinks companies have been forced to pay between 18p and 24p for every litre of sugary drink they produce or import, depending on the sugar content.
However, some high sugar brands, like Classic Coca Cola, have accepted the sugar tax and are refusing to change for fear of upsetting consumers. Fruit juices, milk-based drinks and most alcoholic drinks are free of the tax, as are small companies manufacturing fewer than 1m litres per year.
Today's figures, according to one government official, show the positive influence the sugar tax is having by raising millions of pounds for sports facilities (设备) and healthier eating in schools. Helping the next generation to have a healthy and active childhood is of great importance, and the industry is playing its part.
12．Why was the sugar tax introduced?
A．To collect money for schools.????????????????????? B．To improve the quality of drinks.
C．To protect children’s health.??????????????????????? D．To encourage research in education.
13．How did some drinks companies respond to the sugar tax?
A．They turned to overseas markets.???????????????? B．They raised the prices of their products.
C．They cut down on their production.????????????? D．They reduced their products’ sugar content.
14．From which of the following is the sugar tax collected?
A．Most alcoholic drinks.??????????????????????????????? B．Milk-based drinks.? C．Fruit juices.?????? D．Classic Coke.
15．What can be inferred about the adoption of the sugar tax policy?
A．It is a short-sighted decision.?????????????????????? B．It is a success story.
C．It benefits manufacturers.??????????????????????????? D．It upsets customers.
【答案】12．C
13．D
14．D
15．B
【解析】
【导语】
这篇文章是一篇阐明文。文章首要介绍了英国政府对软饮料征收的糖税来处置儿童以及青少年的安康疑问，一起该收入用于学校体育。
12．
细节了解题。根据文章第二段中的“First announced in April, 2016, the tax which applies to soft drinks containing more than 5g of sugar per 100ml, was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity .（该税于2016年4月初度宣告，适用于每100毫升含糖跨越5g的软饮料，旨在协助减成人童肥胖。）”可知，征收糖税的意图是协助儿童削瘦身胖。故选C项。
13．
细节了解题。根据第四段中的“It comes after more than half of soft drinks sold in shops have had their sugar levels cut by manufacturers so they can avoid paying the tax.（此前，制造商现已降低了商铺中出售的跨越一半的软饮料的含糖量，以避免交税。）”可知，一些饮料公司经过降低了产品的含糖量来避税。故选D项。
14．
细节了解题。根据第五段中的“However, some high sugar brands, like Classic Coca Cola, have accepted the sugar tax and are refusing to change for fear of upsetting consumers. Fruit juices, milk-based drinks and most alcoholic drinks are free of the tax, as are small companies manufacturing fewer than 1m litres per year.（可是，一些高糖品牌，如经典可口可乐，现已承受了糖税，并回绝改动，因为忧虑会惹恼花费者。果汁、以牛奶为材料的饮料和大大都酒精饮料是免税的，每年出产不到100万升的小公司也是免税的。）”可知，糖税首要来自经典可口可乐这些高糖品牌。故选D项。
15．
推理判别题。根据文章最终一段中“Today’s figures, according to one government official, show the positive influence the sugar tax is having by raising millions of pounds for sports facilities and healthier eating in schools.（根据一位政府官员的说法，今日的数据闪现了糖税的活泼影响，它为学校的体育设备和安康饮食筹措了数百万英镑）”可揣度，糖税方针的施行是一个成功的方针。故选B项。
二、七选五
Friendship needs care and attention to keep it in good health. Here are five ways to sustain (坚持) long-distance friendships.
·Set a regular date
Long-lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides equally contact (联络) and share with one another. With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge. ___16___.
·More isn’t always merrier
Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted and what method works best for you both. ___17___. There are alternatives to constant written communication, such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat.
·Practise empathy (心有灵犀)
___18___. The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the additional time demands placed on the friend who has moved. The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel abandoned.
· ___19___
Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships. Although technology might make day-to-day communication possible, extra effort goes a long way on special days. Simply keeping a diary that keeps track of friends’ birthdays and other important dates will make sure nothing slips by you.
·Don’t rely on technology alone
___20___, but long-distance friendships — even close ones — may require more conscious effort to sustain. Try to seek out chances to renew friendships. How to do it? Just spend face-to-face time together whenever possible.
A．Remember important dates
B．Compensate by writing letters
C．It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper
D．Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it
E．Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication
F．It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media
G．You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind
【答案】16．D
17．B
18．G
19．A
20．F
【解析】
【导语】
这篇文章是一篇使用文，介绍了五种维系异地友谊的办法。
16．
上文“With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge.”（平日繁忙，很难抽出时刻打电话。）讲的是两边都很繁忙，很难有时刻给对方打电话，D项“尽量找个两边都有空的时刻去打电话，并坚持下去” 给出晓得决没时刻打电话这个疑问的办法，契合题意。故选D项。
17．
上文“Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted and what method works best for you both.”（保证你现已与你的兄弟交流过，晓得你们彼此期望联络的次数，以及哪种交流方法最合适你们两人。）说到异地兄弟之间要协商交流方法，B项“可以经过写信抵偿”提出了其间一种交流方法：写信，下文“There are alternatives to constant written communication, such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat.”（除了不断的文字交流，还有其他方法，比方发语音或许组成群聊。）弥补了发语音等其他交流方法，其间“constant written communication”照顾了B项的“writing letters”。故选B项。
18．
下文“The friend who is remaining”（留下来的兄弟）和“The one in the new environment”（在新环境中的那个）说到兄弟的两个不一样境况，G项“你可所以兄弟中脱离的那一方，也可所以被留下的那一方”指出了异地友谊平分为脱离的一方和留下的一方，其间“the friend who left”和“the one who was left behind”别离对应下文“The one in the new environment”和“The friend who is remaining”，所以G项契合题意。故选G项。
19．
分析文章规划可知，设空处的内容是维系异地友谊的第四个办法，是第五段的小标题。下文“Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships.”（周年岁念日和生日关于异地友谊而言对错常重要的。）讲的是比方周年岁念日和生日等重要的日子关于维系异地友谊对错常重要的，由此推知，这段对应的维系异地友谊的办法是A项“记住重要的日子”，所以A项契合题意。故选A项。
20．
设空场地址语句的后半句“but long-distance friendships — even close ones — may require more conscious effort to sustain.”（可是异地友谊——甚至是联络亲近的友谊——可以需要愈加自觉地去维系。）讲的是咱们要愈加自觉地维系异地友谊，其间“but”阐明后半句与设空处构成转机，而F项“兄弟之间很简略经过交际媒体发生一种联合感”讲的是可以经过交际媒体这种方法很简略与兄弟发生联合，与后半句“require more conscious effort to sustain”构成转机，而且其间的“social media”照顾了该段的小标题“Don’t rely on technology alone”（不要只是依靠技能）中的“technology”。故选F项。
三、完形填空
Young children across the globe enjoy playing games of hide and seek. For them, there’s something highly exciting about ___21___ someone else’s glance and making oneself unable to be seen.
However, we all witness that preschool children are remarkably ___22___ at hiding. They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies ___23___.
For a long time, this ineffective hiding method was ___24___ as evidence that children are hopelessly “egocentric” (自我中心的) creatures. But our ___25___ research results in child developmental psychology ___26___ that idea.
We brought young children aged 2-4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC．Each ___27___ sat down with an adult who covered her own eyes or ___28___. We then asked the child if she could ___29___ or hear the adult. Surprisingly, children replied that they couldn’t. The same ___30___ happened when the adult covered her own mouth: __31__ children said that they couldn’t ___32___ to her.
A number of ___33___ ruled out that the children misunderstood what they were being asked. The results were clear: Our young subjects ___34___ the questions and knew ___35___ what was asked of them. Their ___36___ to the questions reflected their true ___37___ that “I can see you only if you can see me, too.” They simply ___38___ mutual (彼此的) recognition and regard. Our ___39___ suggest when a child “hides” by putting a blanket over her head, it is not a result of egocentrism. In fact, children consider this method ___40___ when others use it.
21．A．following??????? B．taking??????????????????? C．escaping???????????????? D．directing
22．A．clever???????????? B．bad??????????????????????? C．scared??????????????????? D．quick
23．A．exposed????????? B．examined??????????????? C．untouched????????????? D．imbalanced
24．A．supported??????? B．guaranteed????????????? C．imagined??????????????? D．interpreted
25．A．disappointing?? B．mixed??????????????????? C．surprising?????????????? D．desired
26．A．explained??????? B．confirmed?????????????? C．contradicted??????????? D．tested
27．A．parent???????????? B．child????????????????????? C．researcher?????????????? D．doctor
28．A．feet??????????????? B．nose?????????????????????? C．hands???????????????????? D．ears
29．A．see???????????????? B．help?????????????????????? C．reach???????????????????? D．fool
30．A．event????????????? B．thing????????????????????? C．action??????????????????? D．accident
31．A．Yet???????????????? B．Now????????????????????? C．Soon????????????????????? D．Once
32．A．speak????????????? B．listen????????????????????? C．turn?????????????????????? D．wave
33．A．instructions???? B．descriptions??????????? C．experiments??????????? D．assumptions
34．A．comprehended B．predicted??????????????? C．explored???????????????? D．ignored
35．A．partly???????????? B．honestly???????????????? C．vaguely????????????????? D．exactly
36．A．responses??????? B．approaches????????????? C．contribution??????????? D．sensitivity
37．A．ability???????????? B．belief???????????????????? C．identity????????????????? D．purpose
38．A．hold back??????? B．relate to????????????????? C．insist on???????????????? D．make up
39．A．limitations?????? B．requirements?????????? C．theories????????????????? D．findings
40．A．tentative????????? B．impressive????????????? C．creative????????????????? D．effective
【答案】21．C
22．B
23．A
24．D
25．C
26．C
27．B
28．D
29．A
30．B
31．B
32．A
33．C
34．A
35．D
36．A
37．B
38．C
39．D
40．D
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇阐明文。文章首要经过实验证明孩子们捉迷藏时，只遮住自个的双眼并不是自我中心主义的成果，而是孩子们坚持彼此招认和尊敬。
21．
查询动词词义分析。句意：对他们来说，避开别人的目光，让自个无法被别人看到，这是一件非常令人振奋的作业。A. following跟从；B. taking取走；C. escaping避开；D. directing辅导。根据上文“Young children across the globe enjoy playing games of hide and seek.”可知，儿童喜爱玩捉迷藏，避开别人的目光。故选C项。
22．
查询描述词词义分析。句意：可是，咱们都看到学龄前儿童非常不长于躲藏。A. clever聪明的；B. bad不擅长的；C. scared惧怕的；D. quick快的。根据下文“They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies”可知，儿童不擅长躲藏，be bad at sth.标明“不擅长某事”。故选B项。
23．
查询描述词词义分析。句意：他们一般只用手遮住双眼，其他的身体露出在外。A. exposed无隐瞒的；B. examined已查看过的；C. untouched未受影响的；D. imbalanced失衡的。根据上文“They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies”可知，儿童只是用手遮住了双眼，身体的其他有些无隐瞒，是露出在外的。故选A项。
24．
查询动词词义分析。句意：长时刻以来，这种无效的躲藏办法被说明为儿童是无可救药的“自我中心”生物的根据。A. supported撑持；B. guaranteed保证；C. imagined愿望；D. interpreted说明。根据下文“as evidence that children are hopelessly “egocentric” creatures.”可知，此处标明这种无效的躲藏办法被说明为根据，证明儿童是以自我为中心的。故选D项。
25．
查询描述词词义分析。句意：但咱们在儿童打开心思学方面令人惊奇的研讨成果与这一观念相敌对。A. disappointing令人绝望的；B. mixed混合的；C. surprising令人惊奇的；D. desired盼望的。根据下文“research results in child developmental psychology _6_ that idea.”可知，研讨成果与之前的观念相敌对，所以研讨成果是令人惊奇的。故选C项。
26．
查询动词词义分析。句意：但咱们在儿童打开心思学方面令人惊奇的研讨成果与这一观念相敌对。A. explained说明；B. confirmed证明；C. contradicted相敌对；D. tested查验。根据下文“Our? 19? suggest when a child “hides” by putting a blanket over her head, it is not a result of egocentrism. In fact, children consider this method _ 20 _ when others use it.”可知，研讨成果与之前的观念是相敌对的。故选C项。
27．
查询名词词义分析。句意：每个儿童都和一个成年人坐在一同，成年人遮住自个的双眼或耳朵。A. parent父母亲；B. child儿童；C. researcher研讨员；D. doctor医生。根据上文“We brought young children aged 2-4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC.”可知，儿童参加实验，此处标明每个儿童和一个成年人坐在一同。故选B项。
28．
查询名词词义分析。句意：每个儿童都和一个成年人坐在一同，成年人遮住自个的双眼或耳朵。A. feet脚；B. nose鼻子；C. hands手；D. ears耳朵。根据下文“or hear the adult”可知，实验中，儿童被问询是不是能听到成年人的声响，所以此处标明成年人遮住了自个的耳朵。故选D项。
29．
查询动词词义分析。句意：然后咱们问儿童是不是能看到或听到成年人的声响。A. see看见；B. help协助；C. reach抵达；D. fool诈骗。根据上文“an adult who covered her own eyes”可知，成年人遮住了自个的双眼，所以此处儿童被问询是不是能看见成年人。故选A项。
30．
查询名词词义分析。句意：当成年人捂住她自个的嘴时，相同的作业发生了：此时孩子们说他们不能和她说话。A. event大事；B. thing作业；C. action行为；D. accident事端。根据下文“children said that they couldn’t _12_ to her.”可知，此处标明相同的作业发生了，孩子们标明不能和捂住嘴的成年人说话了。故选B项。
31．
查询副词词义分析。句意：当成年人捂住她自个的嘴时，相同的作业发生了：此时孩子们说他们不能和她说话。A. Yet可是；B. Now此时；C. Soon很快；D. Once一次。根据语境，此处标明当成年人捂住自个的嘴时，这时孩子们说不能和成年人说话了。故选B项。
32．
查询动词词义分析。句意：当成年人捂住她自个的嘴时，相同的作业发生了：此时孩子们说他们不能和她说话。A. speak说；B. listen听；C. turn转；D. wave挥手。根据上文“when the adult covered her own mouth”可知，此处孩子们标明他们不能和成年人说话了。故选A项。
33．
查询名词词义分析。句意：许多实验打扫了孩子们误解了他们被问到的疑问。A. instructions指令；B. descriptions阐明；C. experiments实验；D. assumptions假定。根据语境，此处标明上文中的许多实验打扫了孩子们会误解疑问这一情况。故选C项。
34．
查询动词词义分析。句意：成果很理解：咱们的年青受试者了解了这些疑问，而且切当地晓得他们被问到了啥。A. comprehended了解；B. predicted猜测；C. explored探究；D. ignored忽略。根据下文“the questions and knew _15_ what was asked of them”可知，儿童了解了疑问，并能切当地晓得自个被问了啥。故选A项。
35．
查询副词词义分析。句意：成果很理解：咱们的年青受试者了解了这些疑问，而且切当地晓得他们被问到了啥。A. partly有些地；B. honestly诚笃地；C. vaguely迷糊地；D. exactly切当地。根据下文“what was asked of them. Their? 16?? to the questions reflected their true _17_ ”可知，孩子们切当地晓得自个被问了啥，他们的答案反映了他们真实的观点。故选D项。
36．
查询名词词义分析。句意：他们对这些疑问的答复反映了他们真实的观点：“只需你也能看到我，我才干看到你。”A. responses答复；B. approaches办法；C. contribution奉献；D. sensitivity活络性。根据下文“to the questions”可知，此处标明孩子们关于疑问的答复。故选A项。
37．
查询名词词义分析。句意：他们对这些疑问的答复反映了他们真实的观点：“只需你也能看到我，我才干看到你。”A. ability才能；B. belief观点；C. identity身份；D. purpose意图。根据下文“I can see you only if you can see me, too.”可知，此处标明孩子们真实的观点。故选B项。
38．
查询动词短语分析。句意：他们只是坚持彼此招认和尊敬。A. hold back阻挡；B. relate to有相关；C. insist on坚持；D. make up抵偿。根据上文“I can see you only if you can see me, too.”可知，孩子们的观点体现了他们坚持彼此的招认和尊敬。故选C项。
39．
查询名词词义分析。句意：咱们的研讨成果标明，当孩子在头上盖一条毯子“躲藏”时，这并不是自我中心主义的成果。A. limitations捆绑；B. requirements必要条件；C. theories理论；D. findings查询发现。根据上文“We brought young children aged 2-4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC.”可知，此处标明实验的研讨成果标明孩子的“躲藏”并不是自我中心主义的成果。故选D项。
40．
查询描述词词义分析。句意：实际上，当其别人运用这种办法时，孩子们认为它是有用的。A. tentative实验性的；B. impressive令人形象深化的；C. creative创造性的；D. effective有用的。根据上文“They simply ???18??? mutual recognition and regard.”可知，孩子们坚持彼此招认和尊敬，所以当其别人运用这种办法时，孩子会认为它是有用的。故选D项。
四、用单词的恰当方法结束短文
阅览下面短文，在空白处填入1个恰当的单词或括号内单词的正确方法。
May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day, which was named officially ___41___ the United Nations on November 27th, 2021. To celebrate ___42___ festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday.
The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society ___43___ (address) the opening ceremony. “As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the ___44___ (large) tea-producing country, China has a ___45___ (responsible)to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. It can help to build a community with a ___46___ (share) future for mankind,” he said.
The “First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative” issued (发布) at the ceremony calls for people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international cooperation ___47___ cultural exchanges. A four-year tea promotion —Tea Road Cooperative Plan — was also issued in accordance with the initiative.
?___48___ (strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, ___49___ (invite) twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts.
The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled (开幕) at the ceremony, opening ____50____ (it)first exhibition: The Avenue of Truth — A Special Exhibition of Pu’er Tea.
【答案】41．by
42．the
43．addressed
44．largest
45．responsibility
46．shared
47．and
48．To strengthen
49．inviting
50．its
【解析】
【导语】
这篇文章是一篇阐明文。文章首要介绍了为了庆祝第一个世界茶日，我国商会博物馆所举办的一系列活动。
41．
查询介词。句意：2021年11月27日，联合国正式将5月21日定为第一个世界茶日。根据句意可知，此处表达“被联合国在5月21日命名”。标明被逼，运用固定规划“be+曩昔分词+by”。故填by。
42．
查询非谓语动词。句意：为了庆祝这一节日，周四在北京的我国商人博物馆举办了一系列活动。特指International Tea Day这一节日，所以用定冠词the。故填the。
43．
查询时态。句意：我国文明推进会会长在开幕式上致辞。陈述曩昔作业，用一般曩昔时。故填addressed。
44．
查询描述词最高档。句意：我国是茶的发源地和最大产茶国，作为世界茶日的首要推进者，我国有责任与其他国家一起推进茶工业的安康打开。根据定冠词the和常识可知，我国是最大产茶国，所以用描述词的最高档方法。故填largest。
45．
查询名词。句意：我国是茶的发源地和最大产茶国，作为世界茶日的首要推进者，我国有责任与其他国家一起推进茶工业的安康打开。不定冠词a后接可数名词的奇数方法。故填responsibility。
46．
查询非谓语动词。句意：这有助于构建人类命运一起体。此处为非谓语动词做定语来润饰名词future。非谓语动词share和名词future之间为被逼联络，所以用曩昔分词作定语。故填shared。
47．
查询连词。句意：典礼上发布的“首个世界茶日万里茶道协作建议”呼吁茶业人士联合起来，推进世界协作和文明交流。名词international cooperation和cultural exchanges为并排成分，作动词promote的宾语。故填and。
48．
查询非谓语动词。句意：为了加强与年青人的联络，活动包括在交际媒体上的一系列公共宣传活动，聘请了来自世界各地的29名茶叶专业人士进行36小时不接连的直播。根据句意可知，此处表达“为了加强与年青人的联络”，需要用不定式作意图状语。故填To strengthen。
49．
查询非谓语动词。句意：为了加强与年青人的联络，活动包括在交际媒体上的一系列公共宣传活动，聘请了来自世界各地的29名茶叶专业人士进行36小时不接连的直播。此处为非谓语动词，逻辑主语the event与invite之间为主动联络，所以用如今分词作状语。故填inviting。
50．
查询代词。句意：在开幕式上，我国古茶博物馆正式揭牌，翻开了它的第一个展览：大道遗真——普洱茶专题展。名词exhibition前用描述词性物主代词。故填its。
五、短文改错
51．假定英语课上教师需求同桌之间交流批改作文，请你批改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处言语差错，每句中最多有两处。每处差错仅触及一个单词的添加、删去或批改
添加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(^)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删去：把剩下的词用斜线(\)划掉。
批改：在错的词下齐截横线，并在该词下面写出批改后的词。
留心：1．每处差错及其批改均仅限一词;
2．只答应批改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
We all know that cycling is a greatly exercise. A doctor tells me people who lives the longest are dancers and cyclists. Maybe it is because the combination of fresh air, smooth movement and exercise. Whether you ride a bicycle, you don’t use petrol. So they are not producing carbon dioxide and not cause air pollution. Just see how cars have been taken over our cities. They often run at high speeds, what may put our lives in danger. And there were traffic jams, too. Our cities will be better places if we replace cars with bicycle.
【答案】1. greatly → great
?2. lives → live
?3. 在because后加of
?4. Whether → If 或Whether → When
5. they → you
6. cause → causing
7. 去掉have后的been
8. what → which
9. were → are
10. bicycle → bicycles
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇谈论文。作者表述了骑自行车这项运动可以带来的优点。
【详解】
1.查询描述词。句意: 众所周知骑自行车是一项极好的运动。需用描述词作定语润饰名词exercise。故将greatly改为great。
?2.查询主谓共同。句意：医生告诉我，寿数最长的人是舞蹈家和骑自行车的人。people是集结名词，谓语动词用复数。故将lives改为live。
3.查询介词。句意：或许是因为新鲜空气、流通的运动和训练的联系。because标明“因为”，后边接从句，短语because of标明“因为”，后边接名词、代词、动名词等作宾语，the combination of fresh air, smooth movement and exercise是名词短语。故在because后加of。
4.查询状语从句联接词。句意：当你骑自行车的时分你是不必汽油的。由句意可知，该句论说的是一个实际，需用if或when引导；位于句首，留心首字母大写。故将Whether改为If或改为When。
5.查询代词。句意：所以你不会制造出二氧化碳，也不会构成空气污染。根据前一句中的人称you可知，这儿假定“你”骑自行车，前后人称应坚持共同。故将they改为you。
6.查询非谓语动词。句意：所以你不会制造出二氧化碳，也不会构成空气污染。本句时态为如今进行时，连词and联接两个并排的如今分词，构成进行时。故将cause改为causing。
7.查询语态。句意：看看轿车是如何占据咱们的城市的。主语cars与动词take over之间是主谓联络，使用主动语态。故去掉have后的been。
8.查询定语从句联络词。句意：它们常常高速行进，这可以会危及咱们的生命。分析语句规划可知，逗号后对错捆绑性定语从句，先行词为前面的一句话，在从句中做主语，使用which 引导。故将what改为which。
9.查询时态。句意：还有交通堵塞。根据上下文时态可知，本句使用一般如今时。故将were改为are。
10.查询名词。句意：假定用自行车替代轿车，咱们的城市将变得非常好。bicycle为可数名词，由句中的cars和句意可知，此处使用复数方法。故将bicycle改为bicycles。
六、图表作文
52．学校英文报正在打开以Learning English Beyond the Classroom为题的谈论。请运用图表中的查询成果写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1. 学习活动情况描绘：
2. 简略谈论;
3. 你的主张。
留心：
1. 词数100支配;
2. 短文的标题和首句已为你写好。
【答案】????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????Learning English Beyond the Classroom
?????Nowadays, with the growing popularity of smartphones and computers, an increasing number of students are choosing to learn English beyond the classroom in various ways.
???It can easily be seen that the percentage of students who choose listening to English songs and watching English movies is respectively 65% and 50%. However, those choosing reading English books and visiting English learning websites only account for 18% and 12%.
???As far as I’m concerned, it is a disturbing trend. For students, what benefits most to their study is reading English books. Because of their lack of self-discipline, they’re more easily addicted to chatting online or playing games. It’s urgent for students themselves to improve their self-discipline, and it’s also urgent for parents and teachers to strengthen the guidance.
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达归于阐明文。需求考生请运用图表中的查询成果写一篇短文给学校英文报投稿。
【详解】
1.词汇堆集
选择：choose → select
前进：improve → strengthen
林林总总的：various → diverse
就我而言：as far as I’m concerned → from my perspective
2.句式拓宽
简略句变复合句
原句：Nowadays, with the growing popularity of smartphones and computers, an increasing number of students are choosing to learn English beyond the Classroom in various ways.
拓宽句：Nowadays, because smartphones and computers are becoming more and more popular, an increasing number of students are choosing to learn English beyond the Classroom in various ways.
【点睛】
【高分句型1】It can easily be seen that the percentage of students who choose listening to English songs and watching English movies is respectively 65% and 50%. (运用了it作方法主语，that引导主语从句以及who引导的定语从句)
【高分句型2】It's urgent for students themselves to improve their self-discipline (运用了it作方法主语，to improve their self-discipline为真实的主语)
?
游客
