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所属分类：英语资源
??crying is often thought of as an expression of wild emotion. but this is yet another contradiction: in fact, crying can be a powerful tool to tame our feelings, to maintain a deep equanimity in our emotional life.
it can bring balance, peace—and, just maybe, even a touch of the divine.
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人们通常认为哭泣是一种情绪失控的表现。但这又是另一个误解：事实上，哭泣是一个强大的工具，它可以控制我们的感情，让我们在感情生活中保持深深的平静。它可以产生情绪平衡、安宁，甚至可能是一种神圣的感觉。
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crying is very?common, and quintessentially human. although many species call out in distress to signal a need for help,?only humans weep, with tears, for emotional reasons and not because of ocular irritation. as the dutch psychologist ad vingerhoets has chronicled in his?research,?two?negative crying triggers are extremely consistent across populations and cultures: helplessness and loss.
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哭泣非常常见，而且是人类的典型特征。尽管许多物种在危难之中都会呼喊，以示需要帮助，但只有人类会因为情感原因而非眼睛受刺激而流泪。正如荷兰心理学家ad vingerhoets在他的研究中所记录的那样，在不同的人群和文化中，有两个负面的哭泣触发因素是高度一致的：无助和失去。
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occasionally, though, we weep for joy. scholars find it perplexing, because it seems counterintuitive that we would respond to overwhelmingly positive emotions with a negative expression. new research?conducted in several countries found?that happy crying tended to occur during four occasions: times of extraordinary affection, such as weddings (55 percent of positive crying, on average); moments of unusual achievement, such as winning an award (29 percent); awe in the face of beauty, such as exquisite music (8 percent); and intense amusement (3 percent). classifying it, though, doesn’t make it seem any more logical.
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不过，我们偶尔也会落下喜悦的泪水。学者们发现这很令人费解，因为我们在以一种消极的情绪表达应对汹涌澎湃的积极情绪，这似乎有悖常理。在几个国家进行的新研究发现，快乐的哭泣往往发生在四种情况下：处于非同寻常的情感状态下时，如婚礼（平均55%的积极哭泣发生在这样情况下）；取得不同寻常的成就时，如获奖（29%）；面对美丽事物的敬畏，如精美的音乐（8%）；以及激烈的娱乐活动（3%）。然而对这些情况进行分类，也并不会使这件事看起来更合乎逻辑。
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there may, in fact, be a deeper connection between happy crying and sad crying: they are both a response to emotional extremes, which suggests that tears help bring us back to?equilibrium. overwhelming negative emotion is important—even lifesaving—in a crisis like being separated from loved ones or being under threat; it creates the impulse to act with force or immediacy. but staying in this state isn’t helpful beyond the immediate crisis (nor is it pleasant), so we seek to reduce stress and improve our mood—which crying can?do?quite effectively.?
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事实上，在快乐的哭泣和悲伤的哭泣之间可能有更深层的联系：这两种哭泣都是对极端情绪的反应，意味着眼泪有助于我们重返情绪平衡状态。在与亲人分离或受到威胁这样的危机中，澎湃的负面情绪很重要，甚至起到了救命作用；它产生了采取有力或立即行动的冲动。?但是，在紧急危机时刻过后，仍停留在这种状态下就失去意义了（而且这种状态也并不令人愉快），所以我们需要找减少压力和改善情绪的方式——哭泣可以非常有效地做到这一点。
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emotional balance is good for well-being: though strong feelings are inevitable, having excessive and persistent emotional highs and lows is clearly not associated with good mental health. people who experience dysregulated emotions—positive and negative—are sometimes said to have “cyclothymic
disorder,” a mood disorder that?lowers?quality of life.
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情绪平衡有益于身心健康：虽然强烈的情绪是不可避免的，但过度和持续的情绪起伏显然不利于保持良好的心理健康。经历情绪失调的人，无论是积极的还是消极的，有时被称为患有“循环性情绪障碍”，这种情绪障碍会降低人们的生活质量。
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【重点词汇】
1.equanimity [?ekw??n?m?ti]?? n. 平静；镇定
2.quintessentially?[?kw?nt??sen??li] adv. 典型地；标准地
3.equilibrium ?[?i?kw??l?bri?m]??n. 平衡，均衡；（心情的）平静，心理平衡；（经济）（供求的）平衡；（化）平衡；能量均分
4.counterintuitive [?ka?nt(?)r?n?tju??t?v]??adj. 违反直觉的
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